MBA聯(lián)考英譯漢輔導(dǎo)之重要短語及句型
2014-11-21 10:45 | 太奇MBA網(wǎng)
管理類碩士官方備考群，考生互動，擇校評估，真題討論 點(diǎn)擊加入備考群>>(1) ... not so much...... as (but) ... 與其說……還不如說……
(2) ... not so much that.....as (but) that...... 與其說……還不如說……
(3) ... not so much as..... (=not even) 甚至于不……，連……也不……
(4) ... might as well ... as..... 與其說……還不如說……
例1：He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.
譯文：與其說他是老師，還不如說是學(xué)者。(注意翻譯時動作的對象)
例2：It wasn't so much his appearance I liked as his personality.
譯文：與其說我喜歡他的外表，不如說我喜歡他的品格。
例3：It's not so much that I don't want to come but I just haven't got the time.
譯文：倒不是因為我不想來，而是我根本沒有時間。
例4：He didn't so much as say thank you after all we'd done for him.
譯文：我們?yōu)樗闪四敲炊嗍拢踔吝B謝謝都沒有說一聲。
例5：You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.
譯文：與其將錢借給他，還不如把錢丟進(jìn)大海。(注意翻譯時動作的對象)
[注意]：more ... than ...
1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。
2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治言行放肆，不如說他聰穎過人?？荚嚧?/span>
以上第1句是more... than結(jié)構(gòu)的一般用法，即在兩個不同的事物之間就同一方面作比較;而第2句是就同一個人的兩個不同方面作比較。因此要譯成“與其說……還不如說……”。
more...than結(jié)構(gòu)在上述1) 2)兩句中的用法也適用于less ... than結(jié)構(gòu)，得出相反的含義：
例如：
1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 與其說約翰膽大，不如說他腦子靈活。
2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 與其說喬治聰穎過人，不如說他言行放肆。
幾個不定代詞的固定搭配：
have none of: 不參加;不準(zhǔn);不接受
I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法!
He was offered a job but he said he’d have none of it. 他有一個工作機(jī)會，但他說他不接受。
none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)
None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。
She chose none but the best. 她只選最好的。
She is nothing but a child. 她只不過是個孩子。
none other than: (表示驚訝)不是別人，正是…… (= no one else but)
It’s none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.
none the +比較級詞+ for: 毫不，一點(diǎn)也不
He spent 2 weeks in hospital but he’s none the better for it.
他在醫(yī)院里待了兩個星期，但一點(diǎn)也沒好轉(zhuǎn)。
My car is none the worse for wear. 我的車子一點(diǎn)也沒有損耗。
none the wiser: 不知情
If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.
如果我們只拿一小塊蛋糕，母親是不會知道的。
none too: (在形容詞或副詞前) 不太;一點(diǎn)都不
The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 這家旅館的服務(wù)一點(diǎn)效率都沒有。
anything but: ①除---之外什么都(此處的but等于except)②決不(=not at all)
I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了魚，我什么都吃。
She is anything but a good cook. 她決不是個好廚師。(即：除了好廚師，她什么都是。)
anything of: ①(疑問句/條件句)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn);②(否定句)一點(diǎn)也(沒有)
Is he anything of a poet? 他有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)詩人的樣子嗎?
I haven’t seen anything of him lately. 最近我沒有見過他。
for anything: (否定句)(給什么都)不，決不
I won’t go there for anything. 我決不去那里。
or anything: (意味著還有其他的可能性)
If Bernard wants to call me or anything, I’ll be here all day.
如果伯納德要找我或什么的，我整天都會在這兒。
if anything: 若有任何不同的話
If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.
要說有什么不同的話，我的新工作反而比舊工作要難些。
or something: 或什么的(表示說話者不能肯定)
She is a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。
something like: 有點(diǎn)像，大約
An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飛船的形狀有點(diǎn)像雪茄。
something of a...: 多少有點(diǎn)，有幾分像，略懂
he’s something of a book collector. 他有幾分像書籍收藏家。
something to / in: (敘述等)有些道理
There’s something to / in what you say; I’ll take your advice.
你說的有些道理，我會接受你的建議
have / be something to do with: 與……有關(guān)
I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.
我想蓋佛克跟圖謀炸毀橋梁有關(guān)。
nothing but (= none but = only): 僅僅，只不過
We could see nothing but fog. 除了霧之外我們什么也看不見。
for nothing: ①免費(fèi)的; ②徒勞的; ③無緣無故的
She got the ticket for nothing. 她免費(fèi)得到那張票。
All our preparation for nothing! No one’s even come to the party.
我們?yōu)檠鐣鞯臏?zhǔn)備都白費(fèi)了! 連一個人都沒來。
They quarreled for nothing. 他們無緣無故地爭吵。
make nothing of: (常和can一起用)不理解;不重視,輕視 (= think nothing of)
I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解這篇文章。
He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小時。
to say nothing of: 更不用說(= not to mention / without mentioning)
Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building.
三個人受了重傷，建筑物的損害更不用說了。
have nothing to do with: 與……無關(guān)
I have nothing to do with the accident. 我與這場事故無關(guān)。
nothing if not: 格外地;非常地 (= very / much / extremely)
He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very clever.) 他格外聰明。
nothing of: 無……的部分;無……的氣質(zhì)
There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的舉止根本沒有淑女的氣質(zhì)。
區(qū)別：
all but 幾乎，差一點(diǎn)，除……以外其余都是
but for要不是
but that+從句：若不是……
例1：She all but fainted when she heard the news.
譯文：她聽到這一消息時幾乎暈倒了。
注：此句中a11 but意為nearly，almost。
試對比：
All but the little children thought that the trip was exciting.
譯文：除了小孩，大家都認(rèn)為這次旅行是激動人心的。
此句中all but意為a11 except。
例2：But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.
譯文：要不是下雨，我們的旅行本來是愉快的。
例3：He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.
譯文：若不是他那時缺錢，他是會幫助我們的。
注
1).but that引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語用陳述語氣。
2).but that有靈活的譯法。
如：Nothing would satisfy that child but that I place her on my lap.(那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在懷里。)
“名詞+or+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中or后的名詞是同位語，應(yīng)譯為“即……;或者稱……”
例1：Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.
譯文：再者，除機(jī)器外技術(shù)還包括技藝，即制作方法，而動用這些技藝并不一定都需要機(jī)器。
“only + to do”意為“……，結(jié)果卻……”，即表示與句子謂語動作的目的相反的結(jié)果。
例1: They don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, onlyto discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing.
譯文：他們不必花錢去戲院、電影院或歌劇院買價格很貴的票，(如果去了，)結(jié)果卻可能發(fā)現(xiàn)，所演的節(jié)目令人失望。
例2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled.
譯文：他們匆匆忙忙趕到那兒，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)會議被取消了。
not more / -er than 與 no more / -er than 結(jié)構(gòu)
比較：
John is not better than Tom.
John is no better than Tom.
前一句表示“約翰不比湯姆好”，屬于普通的比較結(jié)構(gòu);后一例用了no 情況就不同了。no better than 相當(dāng)于as bad as，含義是兩人一樣壞。這里，“no + 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than”所表示的可以說是該形容詞或副詞的反意。
例如： no richer than = as poor as 和……一樣窮
no bigger than = as small as 和……一樣小
no later than = as early as 和……一樣早
同樣地：
I have not taken more than six courses this semester.
I have taken no more than six courses this semester.
前一句的含義是本學(xué)期選的課不多于六門;后一句的含義是只選了六門。強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”。
上述結(jié)構(gòu)與表示前后都否定的no more...than (= not...any more than)又有所不同：
例：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.(鯨和馬同樣不是魚。)
另外，在某些結(jié)構(gòu)中，單獨(dú)使用more than 也能表示否定概念：
例1：That is more than I can tell. 我簡直不能說。
例2：My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 我去北京不僅僅是旅游觀光而已。
no more...than... (= not...any more than) 和……—樣都不……(表示前后都否定)
